Components of computer system

What is Computer?

A computer is an electronic device it accepts data as input and processes it and provides us with an output. But it can only follow the instruction that a user gives it.

Components of a computer system: –

Every computer has the following 3 basic components –
• Input Unit
• Central Processing Unit
• Output Unit

• Input Unit: –

Input units are used for transferring raw data and control signals into the information processing system. It is also used to instruct the computer to perform a specific action.
Example – Mouse, Keyboard, Barcode Reader, Magnetic Ink Character Reader (MICR), Optical Character Reader (OCR) etc.

• Central Processing Unit (CPU): –

CPU is considered as the brain of the computer. After receiving the raw data and instructions from a user, a computer system now has to process it, that’s why it’s called a CPU.

CPU has divided into three following components –
a) Memory Unit
b) Control Unit
c) ALU & LU

a) Memory Unit

This unit is used to store the data. The memory unit has also used a set of pre-programmed instructions to further transmit this data of the CPU.

b) Control Unit

This unit is also called as Programme Controller. The control unit directs and controls the activity of the internal & external devices. It collects data from input units and transmits processed data to output units for users.

c) Arithmetic & Logical Unit

This unit is used to perform arithmetic operations like Addition, Subtraction, Division, Multiplication etc.

• Output Unit: –

The output unit is used to display or result in the data to users after processing the data in the CPU.
Example – Monitor, Screen, Printer, Speaker etc.

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