Operating System

Definition: – An Operating System (OS) is system software and it acts as an interface between the uses and the computer. It performs all the basic tasks like file management, memory management, process management, input/output device management etc.

Types of Operating System based on User Interface:

Based on the user interface, an Operating System is classified as 2 types –

• GUI (Graphical User Interface):

It is providing an interface having icons, menus etc. to the uses to interact with the computer.
Example – Windows, Linux, etc.

• CLI (Command Line Interface):

It is providing an interface that allows users to enter commands as texts to interact with the computer.
Example – MS-DOS, Unix etc.

Types of Operating System (OS) based on Mode of Use:

Based on Mode of Use, an Operating System (OS) is classified as 2 types –

• NOS (Network Operating System):

An Operating System (OS) which can provide network service is known as Server Operating System (SOS) or Network Operating System (NOS).
Example – Windows – NT, Windows Server Advanced Server, Windows Server – 2000, Windows Server – 2012.

• COS (Client Operating System):

An Operating System (OS) which can use the service provided by the server is called Client Operating System (COS).
Example – Windows 98, Windows Vista, Windows 2000 Professional, Windows XP, Windows -7, Windows-8, Windows-8.1, Windows-10.

Most popular Operating System:

• Microsoft Windows:

Microsoft created Windows Operating System in the end mid-1980. There are many different versions in the windows Operating System but the most popular Operating systems (OS) are Windows-7, Windows-10. Microsoft Windows is one of the popular OS type and it is pre-loaded in every new Windows pc.

• MAC OS:

MAC – OS (Macintosh OS) is created by Apple. It is pre-loaded on every Macintosh computer. There is a various version like Lion OS, Mojave OS, Sierra OS etc.

• Linux:

Linux is an open-source Operating System and it is not a proprietary software. It is a CLI base OS. There is various version like RHEL-6, RHEL-7 etc.

Function of Operating System:

• Process Management.
• Memory Management.
• File Management.
• Device Management.
• Input/ Output Management.
• Time Management.
• Security Management.

Advantage of Operating System:

• It is communicated user and computer hardware with software.
• It is useful to monitor and regulate resource.
• It is easily operated.
• It can resource indifferent devices like printer, fax etc.

Disadvantages of Operating System:

• The cost of OS is very high.
• Any user can easily hack the system.
• It is possible to error in the OS then lost the data in the storage.

Operating System Interview Questions

Q. What is an Operating System?

Ans: – An Operating System is system software that manages computer hardware and software to acts as an intermediate between user and hardware.

Q. What is Software?

Ans: – Software is a program or set of instructions that is used to manages and control different functions of a device.

Q. What is System Software?

Ans: – System Software is a type of computer program that is designed to run a computer’s hardware and application programs.

Q. What is Application Software?

Ans: – Application Software is a program or group of programs that is designed for end-user of any system.

Q. What is Firmware?

Ans: – Firmware is programming that is written to the read-only memory (ROM) of a computing device.

Q. What is ISP?

Ans: – An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is an organization that provides services for accessing and using the internet.

Q. What is Dual Boot?

Ans: – A Duel Boot system is a computer system in which two Operating Systems are installed on the same hard drive.

Q. What is Software License?

Ans: – A Software License is a legal instrument governing the use or redistribution of software.

Q. What is an ISO image?

Ans: – An ISO image is a documentary file of an optical disk, a type of disk image composed of the data contents from every written sector on an optical disk.

Q. What is SOC?

Ans: – A System on a Chip or System on Chip (SOC) is an integrated circuit (IC) that integrates all components of a computer system into a single chip.

Q. What is Open Source System?

Ans: – It means users are allowed to obtain and view possible alter the source code for the Operating System Kernel and you do not have to pay the license fee and you can easily customize the source code.
Example – Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Solus, Chrome OS etc.

Q. What is different between Operating systems and Application Software?

Ans: – An Operating System (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software and it provides common services for Application Software. Application Software usually requires an Operating System to function.

Q. What is Different between 32-bit OS and 64-bit OS?

Ans: – The term 32-bit and 64-bit refer to the way a computer’s processor handles information. The 64-bit version of Windows handles a large amount of RAM more effectively than a 32-bit system. Using 64-bit one can do a lot in multitasking, user can easily switch between various applications without any windows hanging problem.

Q. What is Bit Locker?

Ans: – Bit locker is the full disk encryption feature included with selected editions of windows vista and lower versions. It is designed to protect data by providing encryption for the entire volume.

Q. What is Bit Locker to Go?

Ans: – Bit Locker to Go allows you to protect data stored on USB storage devices.

Q. What is App Locker?

Ans: – App Locker is a new feature in Windows Operating System that allows you to specify which users or groups can run a particular application in the computer. If you use App Locker, you can create rules to allow or deny applications from running.

Q. What is Windows Updaters?

Ans: – The Windows Updates utility is used to keep your windows-based computer up-to-date with the latest versions and other malicious software like Worms, Trojons, Adware etc.

Q. What is Migration?

Ans: – Migration is the process of moving from the use of one Operating System environment to another Operating System.

Q. What are the different versions (editions) of windows – 7?

Ans: –
• Windows – 7 Starter.
• Windows – 7 Home Basic.
• Windows – 7 Home Premium.
• Windows – 7 Professional.
• Windows – 7 Enterprise.
• Windows – 7 Ultimate.

Q. What are the different versions (editions) of windows – 8?

Ans: –
• Windows – 8.
• Windows – 8 Pro.
• Windows – 8 Enterprise.

Q. What are the different versions (editions) of windows – 10?

Ans: –
• Windows – 10 Home.
• Windows – 10 Pro.
• Windows – 10 Enterprise.
• Windows – 10 Education.

Q. What is the basic hardware required to install windows – 7, Windows – 8 and Windows – 10?

Ans: –
• Processor – 1 GHz.
• RAM – 1 GB (32-Bit) or 2 GB (64-Bit).
• Hard Disk Drive – 10 GB (32-Bit) or 20 GB (64-Bit).

Q. Types of Network Operating System (NOS) and their Client Operating System COS)?
Ans: –

Network Operating System	Client Operating System
Windows Server 2012	Windows – 10
Windows Server 2008	Windows – 8, 8.1
Windows Server 2003	Windows – 7
Windows Server 2000	Windows Vista
Linux	Windows – XP
Unix	Windows – 95/98
Netware	MS-DOS

Q. Different between Firmware and OS?
Ans: –

Firmware	Operating System
Firmware is programming that is embedded on a chip in the device which controls that specific device.	Operating System is system software which is provided by the firmware.
Firmware program can not be changed by the user.	Operating System program can be changed by the user.
It is stored in Non-Volatile memory (ROM).	It is stored on the Hard Disk.

Q. What is the different between Windows – 7 and Windows – 10?
Ans: –

Windows-7	Windows-10
The windows-7 default web browser is Internet Explorer. It does not support the Microsoft Edge browser while it is less secure.	It is supported by the Microsoft Edge Web browser. It is more secure than Internet Explorer.
It does not support any virtual assistance.	It supports Cortana virtual assistance.
In Windows-7 has not supported the Auto-update feature.	In Windows-10 supported Auto-update feature.
Windows-7 is no longer an activity-developed OS, which means no new features are added.	Windows-10 has new features are added with a major update.

Q. What is the difference between Windows – 8 and Windows – 10?
Ans: –

Windows-8	Windows-10
It does not support in multiple device such as cell phone, tablet. It only based on computer.	It is supported in all type of devices such as cell phone, tablet, pc etc.
It does not support Cortana virtual assistance.	It is supported Cortana virtual assistance.
Windows-8 contains the Internet Explorer as a web browser.	Windows-10 has Microsoft Edge as the primary web browser.
Windows-8 has not own app store.	Windows-10 has in own app store.
Windows-8 does not support “Windows Hello” feature.	Windows-10 support “Windows Hello” feature.
One desktop screen for all user.	Multiple desktop screens for their users.

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• Microsoft Windows History

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